The best times to visit are spring and autumn. The green spring season starts from the beginning of April until the beginning of June and the autumn season is at its best with the autumn colors in September. That being said, the high locations above 3000 meters, like mountain lakes above 3000 meters are best visited between mid June and August. The highest destinations (3500+) are at their best in July-August. July and August can get very hot in the southern and lower, often desert areas of Central Asia.

The answer depends on what you wish to see and what you are interested in as all the Central Asian countries are different. If it is about nomadism, Kyrgyzstan is your choice. Big cities of Central Asia with city life are found in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The greatest architecture of Medieval or even ancient Silk Road cities and the cultural heritage can be found in Uzbekistan. Other Central Asian states cannot compete with Tajikistan’s Pamir mountains for the ones looking for unbeaten high altitude paths. More accessible and amazingly beautiful mountain nature can be seen in Kyrgyzstan. Turkmenistan is a sight as itself with its white marble capital Ashgabat and the infamous gate of hell as the top sights. One should definitely visit all the Central Asian countries as they all provide so much to see.